File sizes mb kb

In an Explorer window, you can select "Details" from the "View" menu; or in a file open or save dialogue box there is a "View" button from which you can also choose "Details".

If you then click on the word "Size" at the top of the column, you can group together the largest files in a folder. Most email programs such as Windows Mail or Thunderbird always show the size of attachments next to the file name. In Thunderbird and many other programs you can click on the columns button up the top right of a list to add a column showing the size of each item. FTP programs, used to transfer files to websites, almost all show the size of files by default, although usually in bytes, so you need to split these large numbers by eye into groups of three digits to see which are measured in B or kB and which in MB.

A three-minute MP3 audio at a very high bitrate kpbs ; 1 minute of low-resolution video, or of streaming from a video-sharing site; all the Wikileaks cablegate files released by mid-Dec ; a page PDF which might include a badly-chosen cover photo; the complete works of Shakespeare uncompressed. As you may gather, one of the main factors in determining how cumbersome a file is is the quality or resolution of images.

A dpi dots or pixels per inch image added to a word-processor or PDF file takes up about four times as much space as a dpi image because the resolution applies both horizontally and vertically. Now, if you need to share an image with someone online either on a website or by email, and you're not expecting them to print it out, nor to expect perfect copy or zoom in to examine minute detail, then it's only going to be shown on the screen.

So it's worth knowing a bit about screen resolutions. A typical flat-panel screen is pixels wide. However, some may be smaller or lower resolution, and allowing for navigation bars and margins on the side of a screen, and also that a visitor's web browser might not occupy the full size of the screen, there's probably little point in uploading an image that is wider than pixels.

Anything larger and the the viewer may only see the top left-hand corner of the image and have to scroll to see the rest. Scans or digital photos may be 20 times that size and yet appear no sharper to the recipient. So if you have such an image, you will need to resize it or scale down before you upload or publish. A common mistake when creating a web page is to try to resize the image on the page by changing the image element properties.

Some content-management systems, such as Drupal, may include an image module that automatically creates a scaled copy of the image at the size you specify, but if you're editing pages in a web authoring program like Dreamweaver or KompoZer, the chances are you're forcing every web site visitor to download far too much information and then make their computer work quite hard at doing the downscaling.

So it's best to try to keep photographic images, even banners, to no more than pixels across and perhaps no more than 50 KB. Any image-editing software, such as the open source GIMP , allows you to easily produce a smaller file. Simply open the large file, choose an "image size" or "scale image" function, select the width you want, remembering that px is often full-width, and save in an appropriate file format. The other thing to be aware of with images is the different advantages of the different kinds of compression and file format.

As mentioned above, JPEG files also called. They store a full range of colours but do lose a certain amount of fine detail; there is a balance between the file size and the acceptable amount of distortion.

Mostly you will want a mid-range JPEG quality around 50 out of The other main formats used on the web are PNG or the older GIF , and these are "lossless" formats that are not suitable for photographs or full-colour scans of artwork. However, for images such as line drawings or logos that have been created on a computer in the first place, choosing PNG allows areas of flat colour to be compressed very efficiently and maintain the sharp edges of a design that JPEG would lose.

PNG also tends to be used for smaller images, as for larger images the size reduction from using JPEG is much more important. The following images illustrate the reason JPG is not used for small files with only a handful of colours:. When you attach a file to an email, it will usually be converted to "base 64" text, which can only represent 6 bits per character.

This means a 1 MB file will produce an email of about 1. Data transfer speeds can be measured in bits usually for the rating of the connection itself or bytes more commonly for actual download or upload speeds, and shown with a capital "B". Volatile memory is a type of memory that loses its contents when the computer or hardware device is switched off.

RAM is an example of a volatile memory i. Non-volatile memory is a memory that keeps its contents saved even in the case of power loss. Characteristics of Main Memory Known as the main memory. Semiconductor memories.

Faster than secondary memories. A computer cannot run without the primary memory. It is the working memory of the computer. Usually volatile memory. Data is lost in case power is switched off. Units of Memory. A computer processor is made up of multiple decisive circuits, each one of which may be either OFF or ON.

These two states in terms of memory are represented by a 0 or 1. In order to count higher than 1, such bits BInary digiTS are suspended together. A group of eight bits is known as a byte. Of course, these bytes may also be combined to represent larger numbers. The computer represents all characters and numbers internally in the same fashion.

A kilobyte is not exactly, as one might expect, of bytes. Rather, the correct amount is 2 10 i. Similarly, a megabyte is not 2 i. This is a remarkable difference. By the time we reach to a gigabyte i. Both computer memory and disk space are measured in these units. A byte can also grasp a string of bits that need to be used in some larger units of application processes e. Computer storage is generally measured in multiples of the byte. For example, a MB hard drive holds a nominal million bytes — or megabytes — of data.

For example, two megabytes or 2 million bytes are actually 2, , decimal bytes. The Conflict Once a KiloByte was considered truly massive at a time.

If you want to display only file names and sizes in kb, mb without any other details, then you can use -sh option with ls command as shown below. In the about output, ls command simply displays file name along with its size in kb, Mb, Gb depending on its size. Your email address will not be published.

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